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Genu valgum, commonly referred to as "knock-knees," is a condition characterized by an inward angle of the knees in which the knees touch while the ankles remain apart. This misalignment can result from various factors including genetic predisposition, nutritional deficiencies, and certain health conditions. In genu valgum, the femurs (thigh bones) angle inward towards the midline of the body, leading to a deformity that can affect gait and overall posture. The angle created by the knees may vary, and while it is common for young children to present with a mild form of this condition during developmental growth phases, most typically outgrow it without intervention. However, if genu valgum persists into late childhood or adulthood, it may necessitate evaluation and potential treatment. The condition can be classified as physiological or pathological; physiological genu valgum is often transient and typically resolves with normal growth, while pathological genu valgum may be associated with underlying issues such as rickets, osteomalacia, or leg length discrepancies. This condition often becomes evident when a child is 2 to 4 years old, and its assessment generally involves physical examination, monitoring of knee alignment, and sometimes imaging studies such as X-rays. Symptoms can include difficulty in walking, pain in the knees or legs, and fatigue during physical activity. While many children with genu valgum may remain asymptomatic, severe cases can lead to discomfort and complications down the line, including increased stress on the knee joint, which potentially contributes to the development of osteoarthritis later in life. Treatment options for genu valgum vary based on age, severity, and associated symptoms and may include physical therapy to strengthen the muscles around the knees, orthotic devices to promote proper alignment, and in more severe cases, surgical interventions such as osteotomy to realign the bones. For individuals where genu valgum is linked to nutritional deficiencies, addressing the deficiency through dietary changes or supplements can also be an effective approach. Early identification and appropriate management are crucial in mitigating long-term effects and improving quality of life. Genu valgum can also have psychosocial repercussions, particularly for children, who may become self-conscious about their appearance and how it may affect their social interactions and physical activities. Understanding genu valgum's etiology, effects, and treatment options can lead to better outcomes and improve the functionality and well-being of affected individuals. Through education and awareness, both parents and healthcare providers can work together to ensure that children experiencing this condition receive the appropriate care and intervention necessary for optimal development.